Although there are other terms used, this is commonly referred to as the Assyrian exile. In 722 B.C.E., Assyria conquered the Northern Kingdom of Israel, either taking captive or driving out members of the 10 Tribes. The Northern Kingdom was called Israel and comprised the tribes of Reuben, Simeon, Manasseh, Issachar, Zebulun, Ephraim, Dan, Asher, Naphtali and Gad. The Southern Kingdom was called Judah and included the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. After Solomon died, the Israelites divided into two separate kingdoms, each with its own king. The tribes lived as a united nation through the reign of King David’s son, Solomon. God later changed Jacob’s name to Israel (Genesis 32:25‒32), and the descendants of his sons became known as the 12 Tribes of Israel. Jacob –son of Isaac and grandson of Abraham – fathered 12 sons, including Judah. Judah, son of Jacob, founded the tribe of Judah, which in turn become the name of the Southern Kingdom of Judah, comprised of two family lines or the Tribes of Judah. So who are the Tribes of Judah, and was Judah a person, a tribe or a kingdom?” The 12 tribes, southern tribes, northern tribes … It can be confusing.
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